Recent research into ancient grape seeds from a Byzantine monastery in Israel’s Negev desert reveals the historical roots of Gaza wine and highlights the potential for climate-resilient agriculture. These seeds, some dating back to the 8th century, hint at the origins of sweet white wines known as Gaza wine, which were shipped across the Byzantine Empire to places like Germany, France, and Britain, enjoying popularity among royalty. Genetic analyses by a team from the University of York, Tel Aviv University, and the University of Copenhagen identified multiple grape cultivars, both white and black, cultivated in this arid region.
Dr. Nathan Wales emphasized the significance of using genetic techniques for the first time to determine the color of an ancient grape, linking historical varieties with those still grown in the Mediterranean today. The findings not only shed light on ancient viticulture but also offer valuable insights into developing grape varieties capable of withstanding extreme climate conditions, essential for today’s agricultural challenges. Additionally, grapevines were among the most profitable crops during Byzantine times, and trade connections between Negev and regions like Lebanon and Crete have influenced modern red wine production.
