Dibaryons are unique particles formed by the binding of two baryons, each composed of three quarks, and their existence has been primarily theorized within quantum chromodynamics (QCD). Researchers from the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research and The Institute of Mathematical Science have predicted a new dibaryon, dubbed D6b, which consists entirely of bottom quarks and exhibits a binding energy 40 times stronger than that of the only stable dibaryon known, the deuteron. Using advanced computational techniques in lattice QCD, the team has provided compelling evidence for D6b, made from two triply bottom Omega (Ωbbb) baryons. The discovery of this dibaryon is significant for understanding the strong force and interactions among quarks, further bridging the fields of nuclear physics, cosmology, and astrophysics. Despite the potential for diverse dibaryons, they are rarely observed, with deuteron as the only stable example. The exploration of their existence enhances the understanding of baryon-baryon interactions and could inform future quests for exotic subatomic particles. Lattice QCD calculations are essential for studying composite particles and their roles in phenomena like Big Bang nucleosynthesis and matter behavior under extreme conditions.
