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Recent advancements in X-ray absorption spectroscopy, particularly through the development of attosecond soft-X-ray pulses by researchers at ICFO, have significantly enhanced material analysis capabilities. This innovation allows for real-time examination of a material’s entire electronic structure without the need for lengthy wavelength scanning. A notable study demonstrated how light-matter interactions can manipulate the conductivity of graphite, offering promising implications for photonic circuits and optical computing. The researchers employed sub-2-cycle optical pulses to excite the electronic states in graphite and used attosecond soft-X-ray pulses to probe the material’s dynamics at the carbon K-edge.
This approach enabled them to study the many-body interactions between excited electrons and the lattice, revealing signatures of a superconductivity phase. The findings suggest that the light-induced hybrid states might lead to previously unattainable quantum properties in materials. This work addresses critical challenges in contemporary physics, including quantum phase transitions and material property genesis from microscopic interactions. The results open new avenues for investigating and manipulating correlated phases of matter in real time, crucial for advancing modern technologies in material science and optics.
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