Researchers at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) have made significant strides in understanding the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) formation in lithium-ion batteries, essential for their performance and longevity. Through over 50,000 simulations, the team discovered that the SEI does not form directly on the electrode surface but accumulates from precursors that nucleate away from it. This insight addresses the longstanding mystery regarding the SEI’s growth mechanism, which is critical as the SEI serves as a passivation layer during the battery’s initial charge cycle. The KIT scientists found that while decomposition reactions occur near the electrode surface, the subsequent growth of the SEI leads to a porous layer that completely covers the electrode. Understanding the key reaction parameters influencing SEI thickness will aid in developing better electrolytes and additives to enhance battery efficiency and lifespan. These findings were published in the journal Advanced Energy Materials and contribute to the objectives of the EU initiative BATTERY 2030+, which aims to create safe and sustainable high-performance batteries. This research not only improves our understanding of lithium-ion technology but also lays the groundwork for more durable, efficient energy storage solutions in devices like smartphones and electric vehicles.
