Researchers have proposed that adopting a circular bioeconomy utilizing bio-based raw materials could significantly mitigate the environmental impact of the global plastic sector. Currently, plastic production is projected to triple by 2100 and accounts for nearly 5% of global greenhouse gas emissions. In a recent study published in Nature by experts from various Dutch institutions, it was suggested that combining circular strategies, emissions-free electricity, and high-quality recycling could potentially transform the plastic sector into a carbon sink. However, this transformation necessitates improved waste management, circular product design, and enhanced chemical recycling efforts.
The study indicated that while a high carbon pricing strategy and adherence to the Paris Climate Accord are vital, they alone are insufficient to encourage a shift from fossil-based feedstocks to bio-based alternatives. A scenario focusing on circularity alone might curtail greater emission reductions in the latter half of the century due to limited plastic waste and market demand. Nonetheless, integrating bio-based materials could exploit opportunities for biogenic carbon storage and potentially yield negative emissions. To realize this vision, the industry must enhance recycling processes and minimize waste incineration, ensuring a sustainable and circular approach for the future of plastics.
