Researchers have developed a groundbreaking technology that utilizes microchips to grow miniaturized “cloned” human lungs from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). This innovation aims to enhance the understanding of lung infections, particularly COVID-19, by creating complex “micro lungs” that mimic human lung tissue without the variability of patient samples. The system allows for high-throughput analysis, meaning it can simultaneously track numerous infections, providing insights into which cells are infected, the level of infection, and the influence of different conditions.
Through investigations, scientists discovered that alveoli cells are more susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection compared to airway cells. They identified a specific signaling pathway, induced by bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4), that exacerbates the vulnerability of lung tissues to the virus. By blocking this pathway, they can reduce infection risk.
This platform has broader implications for studying other diseases, drug screening, and rapid responses to future pandemics, potentially revolutionizing our understanding of infections and therapeutic strategies. Furthermore, researchers are looking to apply this technology to other organs, enhancing research and therapeutic development across various medical fields.
