Researchers have developed a compact and lightweight single-photon airborne lidar system that can produce high-resolution 3D images using low-power lasers. This technology is set to revolutionize air and space applications like environmental monitoring and terrain mapping, enabling precise measurements even in challenging conditions such as dense vegetation or urban settings. The system employs single-photon detection techniques, measuring the time taken for laser pulses to bounce back from objects. By integrating recent technological advancements, the researchers have created a lidar system that features the lowest laser power and smallest optical aperture among its peers, while achieving excellent detection range and imaging resolution.
During testing, the system demonstrated its capabilities aboard a small plane, successfully acquiring detailed 3D images of large areas during daytime. Significant modifications, including sub-pixel scanning and a new 3D deconvolution algorithm, allowed the system to surpass the diffraction limit of light. Potential real-world applications include monitoring deforestation and generating post-earthquake 3D terrain maps to aid disaster response efforts. The research team plans to enhance the system’s performance for future deployment on drones or small satellites, aiming for commercialization after improvements in stability and cost-effectiveness.
