Recent research published in PLOS ONE highlights the suitability of sulfur minerals in Svalbard’s fossils for radiographic analysis, revealing insights about marine reptiles from the Middle Triassic period. The study, led by Victoria S. Engelschiøn from the University of Oslo, focuses on a compressed marine reptile fossil, discovered in Edgeøya, which dates back approximately 240 million years when the area was submerged under an ocean. Initially excavated in 2008, its identity remained uncertain until advanced X-ray imaging identified it as belonging to the ichthyosaur species Phalarodon atavus, uncovering critical details regarding its skull and teeth.
The fossil specimens, encased in shale, exhibited excellent X-ray contrast due to the presence of sulfate baryte and other sulfate minerals, believed to be linked to ancient volcanic activity. This research not only demonstrates the effectiveness of X-ray techniques in examining well-preserved fossils but also sheds light on the conditions that enhance their formation, making them ideal for such imaging. The findings suggest that Svalbard’s rich geologic history could offer further revelations about ancient marine life. The authors assert, “The exceptional X-ray contrast means we can learn much more about these ancient predators than we previously thought.”
