Researchers at the University of Virginia, led by assistant professor Chen Cui, are advancing electric propulsion (EP) thrusters, crucial for the future of space exploration. Their studies focus on electron behavior within plasma beams, which could significantly enhance spacecraft efficiency and safety, particularly for long-duration missions like NASA’s Artemis program that aims to return humans to the moon and eventually send them to Mars. Electric propulsion is known for its fuel efficiency, allowing spacecraft to travel farther using less fuel compared to traditional chemical rockets.
Cui emphasizes the need to optimize EP integration with spacecraft systems to ensure reliable long-term operation. His collaboration with USC professor Joseph Wang has led to pioneering research published in Plasma Sources Science and Technology, revealing new insights into how electron interactions influence plasma plume dynamics. This understanding is critical, as an improperly behaving plume could cause damage to spacecraft components.
Utilizing advanced computer simulations powered by supercomputers, Cui has discovered unique patterns in electron velocity and heat flux within EP thrusters. These findings could reshape the design of future propulsion systems, making long-term missions more feasible and safe while minimizing risks associated with plasma emissions.
