Researchers at Brown University have made a significant discovery in quantum physics by identifying a new class of particles called fractional excitons, which exhibit both fermion and boson characteristics. This groundbreaking finding could advance quantum computing and open avenues for new phases of matter. Fractional excitons arise from the fractional quantum Hall effect, which occurs when magnetic fields are applied to materials at low temperatures, resulting in quantized voltage steps that can take fractional values. The research team used a structure with two graphene layers separated by an insulating crystal, generating excitons—combinations of electrons and holes—under extremely strong magnetic fields. The resulting fractional excitons displayed unique properties, suggesting they do not conform strictly to the established categories of bosons and fermions. This hybrid behavior positions them akin to anyons but with distinct features that may indicate the existence of an entirely new type of particle. The implications of fractional excitons could be vast, particularly in enhancing information storage and manipulation at the quantum level, thus paving the way for the next generation of quantum computers. The research team’s future investigations aim to explore the interactions and controllability of these fractional excitons, essential for further understanding of quantum mechanics.
