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Colon polyps are abnormal growths in the colon or rectum, most of which are benign but some may become cancerous over time, leading to colorectal cancer—the second deadliest cancer in the U.S. A recent study from Mass General Brigham, published in Cell Host & Microbe, explores the link between gut microbiome and the formation of precancerous polyps. Researchers found distinct bacterial signatures in patients with different types of polyps, indicating that the microbiome may influence polyp development. They analyzed data from 1,200 individuals undergoing colonoscopies, correlating health, lifestyle, and gut bacteria profiles. They noted major differences in bacterial presence between those with tubular adenomas and sessile serrated adenomas. The study aims to identify how specific bacteria may promote or inhibit polyp growth, potentially leading to new prevention strategies or treatments for colorectal cancer. Future research will focus on isolating bacterial species to verify their roles in polyp development, with hopes that modifying diet or the microbiome could alter polyp progression and reduce cancer risk. Overall, this highlights the need for further investigation into the gut microbiome’s role in colorectal health.
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