Researchers at Tohoku University have developed innovative microfluidic devices to create lab-grown neuronal networks that closely mimic natural brain activity, demonstrating learning-like plasticity. Traditional cultured neurons often form random, unstructured networks, limiting insights into learning mechanisms. However, the new microfluidic technology enables precise control over neuron connectivity, allowing for complex interaction patterns that resemble those found in animal nervous systems.
The study found that by adjusting the size and shape of the microchannels connecting neurons, the team could promote the retention of multiple neuronal ensembles—groups of neurons that fire together, essential for memory encoding. The networks exhibited reconfiguration capabilities through repeated stimulation, demonstrating a process akin to neural plasticity. This advancement presents a significant breakthrough in neuroscience, providing better models to study learning and memory in controlled environments.
The research highlights the potential of these engineered neural networks for future applications in understanding specific brain functions and enhancing our knowledge of learning processes. The findings were published in the journal Advanced Materials Technologies on November 23, 2024, by researchers including Hakuba Murota and Hideaki Yamamoto.
