Research conducted by scientists at the Desert Research Institute (DRI) reveals that lead pollution from Roman-era mining led to a reduction in European IQ by 2-3 points, highlighting a longstanding issue of industrial harm to human health. The study, published on January 6 in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, analyzed Arctic ice core records to trace lead pollution levels from 500 BC to 600 AD, coinciding with the rise and fall of the Roman Empire. By studying lead isotopes, researchers identified mining and smelting activities as primary pollution sources. They employed advanced computer modeling to create maps of atmospheric lead levels in Europe, assessing its impact on cognitive decline.
Lead exposure is a major public health concern, particularly detrimental to children’s cognitive development, with no safe threshold identified. This study marks a significant advancement in understanding ancient pollution’s effects on human health, emphasizing that industrial activities dating back thousands of years have led to lasting cognitive impacts. The findings also establish connections between lead pollution and historical population declines, suggesting that over 500 kilotons of lead were emitted during the Roman Empire’s zenith. This research contributes to a broader understanding of lead’s adverse effects throughout history.
